The ape-like molar teeth of Procoptodon were brachyodont (low-crowned) and tended to develop additional longitudinal enamel folds. The last premolar in Procoptodon was complex and late-erupting.
Both upper and lower incisors were small, and would have been used to nip vegetation. The lower jaws (dentaries) were massive and fused or ankylosed, and a 'chin' was developed. It had a very short, deep 'brachycephalic' skull and lower jaw, and eyes that were partly forward-facing (giving it a primate-like appearance). The heavily built Procoptodon goliah was the most extreme of the sthenurines, or short-faced kangaroos.
Each hand had two long, clawed fingers that would have been used to bring leafy branches within reach. It had an unusually short, flat face and forwardly-directed eyes, with a single large toe on each foot (reduced from the more normal count of four).
The Pleistocene kangaroo Procoptodon goliah, the most extreme of the short-faced kangaroos, was the largest and most heavily built kangaroo known.
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